how pencils are made

Since kindergarten or in an early age we thought to use first the pencil. How is it made? this will give the idea of how is its done.

Groover and lead layer linked in a single process - Steps 4 to 6

1. At the Slat factory Pencil Stock is cut into "Pencil Blocksⁱ" a bit longer than the normal length of a pencil. The small amount of extra length is called "trim allowance" that is important at the pencil factory later.

2. Pencil Blocks are cut into "Pencil Slats" using specially designed circular saws. These saws are very thin in order to reduce the amount of "waste" in the form of "sawdust". Due to the natural grain and defect characteristics of the wood the slats are sorted by width and grade for further processing. Slats without defects are called "full ply". Some slats are cut to smaller widths (called "narrow ply") or shorter lengths (called "memos") in order to eliminate the defects and to produce a variety of useable grades and plies of pencil slats.

3. Pencil Slats are treated with wax and stain in order to provide uniform color and improve the machining and sharpening characteristics of the wood for future processing. The slats pass through a final inspection process and then are packaged and shipped to "Pencil Factories" all over the world.

4. At the Pencil Factory a "Groover machine" cuts grooves into the slats to accept the writing core (or "lead").

Eraser Tipping Machine

5. Writing cores -- made from a mixture of graphite and clay -- are placed into the grooves. Other pencils may use wax based cores for coloring pencils as well as many other formulations used to make cosmetic pencilsⁱ.

6. A second grooved slat is glued onto the first -- making a "sandwich." This is done with a machine called a "lead layer" where the sandwhiches are then "clamped" to hold them together tightly while the glue dries.

7. Once the glue dries the sandwiches are transfered to equipment called a "Shaper" and are first "trimmed" to assure that the sandwhich is square and that all the pencils will be the proper length, then the sandwich is machined into pencil shapes such as hexagonal, round or triangular.

8. The individual pencils cut from the sandwich are ready for further processing. Any defective pencils such as uncentered leads or chipped wood are discarded at this point.

9. Next each pencil is painted in a machine receiving from 4 to 10 coats of lacquer depending on the desired quality of the finish and the color of lacquer. A recess is cut to accept the ferrule.

After painting some pencils are wrapped with decorative film or foils with fancy designs although most pencils are imprinted with the brand name by stamping the foil into the surface of the pencil.

10. On a "tipping" machine an eraser and a ferrule (the metal ring that holds the eraser to the pencil)are crimped into place on each pencil.

Following tipping pencils are packaged in many different ways for shipment to distributors, wholesalers or direct to retail stores where you buy your pencils.

New International Version

Version Information

The New International Version (NIV) is a translation made by more than one hundred scholars working from the best available Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts. It was conceived in 1965 when, after several years of study by committees from the Christian Reformed Church and the National Association of Evangelicals, a trans-denominational and international group of scholars met at Palos Heights, Illinois, and agreed on the need for a new translation in contemporary English. Their conclusion was endorsed by a large number of church leaders who met in Chicago in 1966. Responsibility for the version was delegated to a self-governing body of fifteen Biblical scholars, the Committee on Bible Translation, and in 1967, the New York Bible Society (now International Bible Society) generously undertook the financial sponsorship of the project.

The translation of each book was assigned to a team of scholars, and the work was thoroughly reviewed and revised at various stages by three separate committees.The Committee submitted the developing version to stylistic consultants who made invaluable suggestions. Samples of the translation were tested for clarity and ease ofreading by various groups of people. In short, perhaps no other translation has been made by a more thorough process of review and revision.

The Committee held to certain goals for the NIV: that it be an Accurate, Beautiful, Clear, and Dignified translation suitable for public and private reading, teaching, preaching, memorizing, and liturgical use. The translators were united in their commitment to the authority and infallibility of the Bible as God's Word in written form. They agreed that faithful communication of the meaning of the original writers demands frequent modifications in sentence structure (resulting in a "thought-for-thought" translation) and constant regard for the contextual meanings of words.

In 1973 the New Testament was published. The Committee carefully reviewed suggestions for revisions and adopted a number of them, which they incorporated into the first printing of the entire Bible in 1978. Additional changes were made in 1983.

Copyright Information

The NIV text may be quoted in any form (written, visual, electronic or audio), up to and inclusive of five hundred (500) verses without express written permission of the publisher, providing the verses do not amount to a complete book of the Bible nor do the verses quoted account for twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total text of the work in which they are quoted.

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PSP2 at its finest

PSP fan? Here is a new concept for the Playstation Portable. PSP2 design concept by Tai Chiem I mean, just look at the scrolling OLED screen! Still, it would be nifty to have a screen that can roll up into the PSP itself. No more tiny screen, but it needs some sort of electrical charge to hold it up. I guess it uses the same “memory cloth” technology as shown in Batman Begins.

Not only does it have the rolling and scrolling action going on, but the side speakers fold inwards, presumably to hold the screen into place when it is rolled up. Rumor has it the speakers are the controls for the device. This appears to the only method of control, as I don’t see a controller or buttons.

With a WOW, and as far as my finger touches the consoles (ammm where is it?) it will be a new innovation in gaming industry. With the design concept is insane it also features the awesome OLED screen fascinating graphics that will catch the eye not only the gamers but the audience too ^^.

HSM3 on MOVE!

The High School Musical 3: Senior Year hysteria has officially launched in Los Angeles. Vanessa Hudgens, Zac Efron, Ashley Tisdale, Selena Gomez, and a bunch of Disney stars were on hand last not for the premiere of the tween musical. This movie will be a gold mine in box office sales, memorabilia, merchandising, DVDs, and more. Actress Ashley Tisdale and actress Vanessa Hudgens arrive at the premiere of Disney's "High School Musical 3: Senior Year" held at the Galen Center on Octorber 16, 2008 in Los Angeles, California. Photo by Alberto E. Rodriguez/Getty Images.

That last scene kinda gave it away that Zac is going to win the big B-ball game and get a scholarship... courtesy of ET!

I wish I really could

Being in love with someone is inevitable. Looking forward each they to meet her you wish as unexpected. Scripted as it is just to please her, making over just to get her attention but still nothing change. Advices from left to right seems encouraging still no effects. Letters, treat's, being gentle and so many attitudes/behavior just to please her still nothing change.

What should I do? how come it has no changes. Am I really this ugly for not noticing the goodness inside. Others will say its not only for the outer look but the inside really matters. hmmm is it true? How I wish I am that guy she fell in loved with. Wishing sometimes that smile will be mine. Hoping that thinking will turn around my world with her. The man I used to be was not fair towards her and someone it was another man who turned me down jealous.Sadness covers me. Reasons surrounds me in silence and the sense that I am not good enough for her makes the world tipsy-turvy.


Now this dream will be my paradise for you in me to take sometime that my Heart will soon forget you.

I miss you maming d`cat